MUCH MORE STILL NEEDS TO BE DONE: Four Decades After Latino Students Walked Out of Their Classrooms, L.A. Schools Still Need Substantial Reforms

Op-ed in the LA Times by Mónica García

Mónica García is president of the LAUSD's Board of Education.

March 8, 2008 - The year was 1968, and students at public high schools in East L.A. were banned from speaking Spanish in the hallways -- at risk of a paddling from administrators who embraced corporal punishment. The students were overwhelmingly Mexican American; the administrators were, without exception, white. Those students struggled against a host of daily humiliations: locked bathrooms during lunchtime, severely overcrowded classrooms and teachers who told them college was not a realistic option.

That March, students from every East Los Angeles high school had had enough. In what became known as the East L.A. walkouts, or Chicano blowouts, students from Lincoln, Roosevelt, Wilson, Garfield and Belmont high schools walked out of their classes.

In the days that followed, more than 20,000 students at 15 schools walked out to protest educational inequity. Their demands were simple: Provide a fine education with equal resources so all students had a chance to attend a four-year university. The L.A. Unified School District's Board of Education was confronted with a community united in its demand for change.

The East L.A. student protest was one of the largest demonstrations of its kind. It sparked real changes, including the hiring of more Latino administrators, the right to speak Spanish on campus and a ban on corporal punishment. Greater awareness of the overcrowded and substandard facilities fostered successful efforts to build new schools on the Eastside.

But four decades later, as we honor and remember those courageous students, many of these same challenges remain.

According to a recent report by the community organization InnerCity Struggle, done in conjunction with UCLA's Institute for Democracy, Education and Access, only 16 out of every 100 ninth-graders enrolled in a high school on the Eastside graduate eligible for college. Sixty-four out of 100 drop out. These grim statistics threaten to worsen as our educational system statewide faces the largest budget cuts we have seen in recent times. (California already ranks 46th in the nation in per-pupil spending, according to a 2008 Education Week report.)

Despite our challenges, L.A. Unified must be a leader in urban school reform so that we can finally realize the goals of the '68 protests: giving all our youth the support and opportunities they need to learn and succeed.

Our communities are energized for reform. Over the years, voters have supported four bond measures to fund construction of more than 100 schools, enabling the district to end forced busing and bring our schools back to traditional calendars. A 2005 policy called "A-G for All," when fully implemented, will ensure that all students have access to the college-prep classes required for admission to the UC and Cal State systems.

This year, the board has increased the district's focus on meeting the needs of English learners, who make up the majority of our students. We're also trying new strategies to accelerate academic achievement, build ties to the community, increase flexibility of resources and strengthen autonomy and accountability at the school level.

Sal Castro, the Lincoln High teacher who led the walkouts, said, "We knew something different had to happen." His words resonate today. We all have much work to do to reach 100% graduation for all LAUSD students. But this is a moment when we can take substantial steps forward. Sí se puede! Yes, we can!

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►smf's 2¢: Board President García has been a powerful advocate for improving opportunities for all LAUSD students; she advocated strongly for the A-G FOR ALL INITIATIVE as former Board President Huizar's chief of staff and worked tirelessly against entrenched resistance to get it approved. However unfortunate compromises in the board resolution and some unfortunate legalistic interpretation of the language driven by insider bureaucrats, naysayers and pennypinchers have moved the actual roll out of the graduation requirement to later date than originally promised. It may take some renewed activism from Ms. García to get the A-G piece back on track - especially if it is to be "for all".

Some readers of the above may be a bit shocked at the mention of corporal punishment and locking bathrooms. Corporal punishment persisted at LAUSD schools long after the walkouts. School Boardmembers elected in the backlash of the civil rights movement García celebrates launched careers that took them to Congress based on 'bringing back the paddle' [see below] – and until Roy Romer's superintendency student restrooms were routinely padlocked to save money.

GUIDELINES ON SCHOOL SPANKINGS - LA Herald Examiner - Nov 3, 1979 (Warning: Contains photo of adults behaving badly!)